Science TBC

When scientists study longevity, they consider many factors, one of which is oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is an excess of free radicals.

Many people dont understand free radicals, they only know they are bad and that antioxidants fight them. However understanding the chemistry of free radicals gives an important perspective on aging.

According to Dr Nicholas Perricone, a MD, “atoms and molecules are most stable when there is a pair of electrons circulating in their outer orbit. When a molecule or atom loses one of the electrons, it becomes a free radical and its quest becomes finding another molecule or atom to hook up with. Any substance or molecule that rips electrons away from another molecule is known as an oxidating agent.”

He stated that free radicals can damage tissues, cell membranes and DNA disrupting our store of genetic information which may lead to the initiation of certain health conditions. Free radicals can also oxidize the fats that make up the cell wall membrane and the membrane covering the mitochondria and nucleus of the cell, which he said can lead to cellular dysfunction and serious damage to the immune system and major organs.

However, cells arent left defenseless in the battle against free radical damage. They are protected by antioxidants and enzymes that can neutralize free radicals. One of the key substances in cellular protection is glutathione.

Results of a peer-reviewed study, conducted by scientists at the University of Colorado Denver and Ochsner Medical Center and published online in the journal Free Radical Biology and Medicine, demonstated that the synergistic impact of the active ingredients used in the formulation of Protandim dramatically increases the bodys production of glutathione, as well as increases important antioxidant enzymes.

Dr Joe McCord said, “The results of this study may change how we view aging and the factors that impact healthy aging. Notably, glutathione was increased by more than 300 percent with Protandim. In addition to the findings on glutathione, the study also shows that Protandim delivers an antioxidant benefit to the body that exceeds those provided by vitamins E and C.”

McCord added, “Contrary to popular belief, our bodies do not actually rely upon the intake of vitamins such as C and E, to maintain proper antioxidant balance, rather we utilize a complex network of antioxidant enzymes to maintain health and protect against oxidative stress. Protandim reduces oxidative stress by enhancing the bodys entire network of antioxidant enzymes.”

The president and CEO of LifeVantage recently said “Scientists are well aware of the dangers casued by oxidative stress to the body and are eager to study the only product that has been clinically proven to make such a measurable difference. We belive that the science behind Protandim is unparalleled and that it offers the promise of proven health benefits to anyone who takes the product.”

To the best of the knowledge of LifeVantage (the maker of Protandim), Protandim is the only supplement in the world (based on peer-reviewed, human clinical studies) to reduce aging factors by an average of 40 percent and this will turn your body back to that of a 20 year old. Protandim has been awarded three patents and is the subject of more than 20 independent clinical studies at the present time.

Finally, Protandim contains 5 ingredients known to scientists to provide a powerful antioxidant therapy and is many times more powerful than red wine, oranges, blueberries, juices, or other popular antioxidants because Protandim contains a Nrf2 activator which is the master regulator of the aging process!

As mentioned in a previous post on this blog, Dr. Sanjay Gupta, Chief Medical Correspondent at CNN, has reported that “Practical Immortality may now be within our grasp.”

So now the question becomes, “how do we slow the rate of aging and avoid the frailty that would make longevity less desirable?”

With antioxidant supplements, we can slow our rate of aging; with a nutrition and fitness routine, we can avoid frailty and improve our health; and with an industry leading home business opportunity, we can make great money and generate financial wealth.

For a brief discussion about Living Longer and Making Money from Home, please use my details on the Contact Me page of this site. Happy Reading and Here’s to Your Success!

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Finally, I would like to provide Best Wishes for a Prosperous New Year!

Work physiology is the science that studies how the human body responds to the physical stress of work or activity demands. These physiological responses are important in maintaining homeostasis in the body during work activities and reducing the adverse effects of physiological fatigue due to work. Homeostasis is defined as the maintenance of a constant or changing environment. In practical terms, it refers to the relatively constant internal environment of the human body during both stressed and relaxed conditions, due to many regulating anatomical and physiological systems. These organ systems and physiological responses regulate cellular metabolism, energy production, cellular waste product removal, voluntary muscle control, and the flow of blood and oxygen to working muscles. An understanding of the role of major organ systems in the human body during work activities and the relationships between work intensity and recovery intervals is essential to the science of ergonomics.

Metabolism
To accomplish work, the body requires energy, oxygen and nutrients. The human body consumes and uses carbohydrate, fat and protein nutrients to provide the required energy to maintain homeostasis both at rest and during work activity. During work, the primary nutrients utilized are fats and carbohydrates, with proteins contributing less than 5-15% of the total energy used. These nutrients, after having been converted to chemicals, enter the blood stream and circulate to the various internal organs and muscles. At the muscle sites, this chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy, or a muscle contraction, and heat. This process is known as metabolism.

Working muscle requires a constant supply of energy. The fundamental source of energy for these contractions is the high-energy Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) molecule. The ATP molecule is the most important energy carrying molecule in the muscle cell. The ATP compound consists of three parts: adenosine molecule, a ribose molecule and three phosphate molecules linked together by chemical bonds. The bonds linking the phosphate molecules are high-energy bonds and when these bonds are broken, large amounts of energy are released. This energy is then used for muscle contractions. The energy can be liberated from the ATP molecule by a process known as phosphorylation. This metabolic process is shown below. Phosphorylation is the process in which the Adenosine Triphosphate molecule is broken down by the enzyme ATPase into Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP), a phosphate molecule (Pi) and energy.
Aerobic Metabolism
The Adenosine Triphosphate needed for muscle work can be produced from either aerobic (with oxygen) metabolism or from anaerobic (without oxygen) metabolism. The aerobic metabolism of nutrients refers to the oxidation of glucose or glycogen molecules and fatty acids to form ATP, this process is called aerobic glycolysis. This metabolic pathway requires a continuous supply of blood in order to provide ongoing oxygen and nutrients.

A cardiovascular response to increased workload is to increase the amount of blood flowing to active muscle. However, it can take almost one minute for this response to be activated. Therefore, at the onset of most industrial tasks, or in cases of quick-high intensity tasks, it is not always possible to have adequate blood flow available to working muscles. When this occurs, the muscles switch to anaerobic metabolism.

Anaerobic Metabolism
The muscle cells can produce Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) or energy, without oxygen (anaerobic metabolism) by two methods: the first method is to break high-energy phosphate bonds in Creatine Phosphate (CP) molecules. The second method is by a process known as anaerobic glycolysis. Under anaerobic conditions, the simplest and thus immediate source of energy is through the use or production of the Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) molecule by breaking high-energy phosphate bonds in the Creatine Phosphate (CP) molecule. The CP molecule donates a phosphate(P) to an ADP molecule to create an ATP molecule and energy. Creatine Kinase is the enzyme that initiates this reaction in the muscle

The second anaerobic metabolic process for energy synthesis is called anaerobic glycolysis. This process also generates a limited amount of energy, but does so by breaking the chemical bonds in the breakdown of glucose to lactic acid. Anaerobic glycolysis can only produce enough ATP or usable energy for a few minutes. In this method, however, the supply of CP is quickly depleted in under 1 minute. Anaerobic glycolysis provides energy for up to four minute. Only the aerobic glycolysis process can provide a sustained supply of energy to working muscles. With both anaerobic processes, work can only be sustained for short periods because is a limited supply of available ATP and CP molecules in the muscle cells

Muscle Fatigue
When skeletal muscle is continually stimulated, the force or tension that is developed by the muscle fibers diminishes. This failure of muscle fiber to maintain tension as a result of contractile activity is known as muscle fatigue. The onset of fatigue depends on both the type of skeletal muscle fibers as well as the intensity and duration of the muscle contractions. The red muscle fibers, or the -slow twitch- fibers appear to have better blood flow and therefore oxygen supply to maintain aerobic metabolism. In the slow twitch muscle fibers, fatigue develops more slowly. These muscles fibers are used mostly during long duration, low intensity activities. The white muscle fibers, also called -fast twitch- fibers, appear to rely more upon anaerobic metabolism. These fibers fatigue more rapidly, and are used more for short duration, high intensity activities. The development of muscle fatigue corresponds to four events that occur in working muscles:

1.)The depletion of the concentration of ATP. The rate of ATP utilization exceeds the rate of production. The muscle cannot contract without ATP.
2.)Increased amounts of intracellular acidity due to the rise in lactic acid levels. This increased hydrogen ion concentration affects the contractile proteins of the muscle fibers, decreasing the force generated by the muscle fibers.
3.)The depletion of muscle glycogen levels. As the amount of available glycogen diminishes, the muscle can no longer sustain a contraction.
4.)Levels of other metabolic waste products, including Carbon Dioxide, increase within muscle cells. If levels of acid and carbon dioxide waste products build up, this will slow aerobic metabolism, resulting in less efficient metabolism.

If muscle fatigue sets in and the muscle is no longer able to sustain work efficiently, the muscle becomes overloaded resulting in micro trauma to the muscle fibers. If this fatigue and overloading is repetitive or long term in nature the resulting microtrauma becomes cumulative and pathology or injury occurs. Local muscle fatigue is suspect to contribute to work-related Cumulative Trauma Disorders. In order to avoid the adverse effects of muscle fatigue, a sufficient supply or flow of blood to the working muscles is critical.

Since aerobic metabolism generates almost 20 times as much ATP for energy as does anaerobic energy, the effects of muscle fatigue can be minimized by ensuring work load intensity is low enough so that adequate oxygenation, or blood flow to the active working muscles is achieved. If heavy workloads are required, they should be brief in duration, lasting less than a few seconds or minutes, which reduces the effects of prolonged anaerobic metabolism, and maximizes metabolic efficiency.

Summary
The most important factor in ergonomic job design or modification is to promote aerobic metabolism and adequate blood flow, resulting in a high metabolic efficiency. This will maintain adequate blood flow to working muscles, prevent fatigue and allow maximal performance. Dynamic muscle contractions are always preferred over static muscle loading situations. Work-rest cycles should provide sufficient recovery times to sufficiently perfuse active muscles with blood. Jobs should be designed or modified to minimize or reduce the requirements for static contractions, such as static grips, extended reaches and extreme postures.

A science fair contest is one of the first experiences that students have with real scientific exploration and experimentation. These contests are designed to not only stimulate an interest in science, but to also stimulate the creative subconscious of young scientists. Every year hundreds of these events are held across the country, some at local schools and some at major universities and science institutes. In order to win one of these competitions students need to learn how to create a project that is going to stand out in a good way from the other entries.

Tip #1 Age Appropriateness Counts

When a science fair judge looks at a project they are going to judge its value based partially on the age of the student and the complexity of the project. Students that create projects that are too simple for their grade level are going to receive lower scores than those students that create projects that are more complex than the average project created by someone of their grade level. A good way to select a project idea or topic that will be considered above your grade level is to examine text books or curriculum guides for science classes that are above your grade level.

Tip #2 Select a Topic That You Can Handle

While it is important to push the envelope in terms of project complexity, you do not want to over do it. You need to be able to understand your topic and its related concepts in order to complete your project with precision and accuracy. If you select a topic that is too complex then you may not be able to design an experiment that will be manageable for your skill level and available resources.

Tip #3 Take a Unique Approach

Uniqueness is one of the main characteristics that will be judged about your project. Uniqueness is very important to implement into the design of your project. You can make your project more unique by asking yourself if there is another way to solve your projects main question or problem, or if there is a better way to do something or if there is a more interesting way to approach your topic. These simple questions can help you to find new angles that the judges will be intrigued by.

Conclusion

Winning a science fair contest is not easy to do. There are few prizes to be won and many students try to win the top places in the contest. The best way for you to enhance your chances of wining a science fair contest is to plan out your project, put in your best effort and to organize your time so that you do not have to rush the completion of your entry.

One of the most important components of a science fair project is the hypothesis. The hypothesis is the foundation of the experiment and the reason for completing the project. If this is your first year working on a science fair project then these steps will help you to turn your project idea into a hypothesis.

Step #1 Come Up With a Topic or Project Idea

Before you can create a hypothesis you need to select a topic for your project. The topic will be a general subject area that you are interested in. For example, you can select computers, robotics, electricity, physics or other broad topics.

Step #2 Conduct Research and Narrow Your Topic

You cannot build a project if all you have is a broad topic. You need to narrow down the topic to a very specific concept, issue or problem. The best way to do this is to conduct background research on your broad topic. This research will help you to find interesting subtopics that are related to your broad topic.

Step #3 Ask a Question About Your Subtopic

The next step is to ask questions about your subtopic that you would like to answer. The questions can relate to anything from how a reaction occurs, what influences the results or how something can be improved. Write down your questions in a list and select the one question that you are most interested in.

Step #4 Make a Prediction

Step four is to make a prediction about the answer to your question. For example, if your question is how can solar energy be produced to meet the power needs of my community? then your prediction may be that the different circuit designs produce different outputs of power from the same inputs of solar energy.

Step #5 Make Sure Your Hypothesis Is Testable

The final step is to make sure your hypothesis is testable, otherwise it is not going to do you much good. To be testable, at least by you, it will need to have an independent variable that can be manipulated and a dependent variable that can be measured.

For example, in the above hypothesis the independent variable is the type of circuit design used and the dependent variable is the output of power. The circuit design can be manipulated by changing its set-up from a parallel circuit to a serial circuit. The power output can then be measured in Watts.

There are unit huge vary of subjects that constitute the Life Sciences class like most of the jobs in life sciences are there biology, plant studies, physiology, pharmacological medicine, genetics and biotechnology. Some of the roles that a scientist would be committed vary from showing work and findings, participating in field work, turning out with new ideas for experiments and distributing the results across the scientific field.

Some Life science jobs are:-

Biostatistics could be a role that’s created of 2 disciplines. It are often delineated because the application of statistics to a spread of topics in biology. This role conjointly involves production experiments, ending analysis associate degreed providing an exhaustive analysis of all results. By ending this necessary analysis, a Biostatistician will build a distinction to health care and public health.

A clinical computer user could be an important a part of any clinical analysis department. They work with the clinical analysis team analyze and organize knowledge and manage databases. a number of the qualities associate degreed necessities needed for this role embrace having an exhaustive data of computers, the power to write down code and a degree in a very connected science.

Life science jobs are devoted to the study of all living organisms as well as persons and animals, essentially it’s an outstanding deal to try and do with most areas of contemporary science.

Those inquisitive about finding out life sciences are going to be ready to concentrate in a range of fields as well as bio ethics, development biology, parasitological and cell biology.

Any candidate wishing to follow this role should guarantee they need a robust interest in analyzing knowledge in jobs in life sciences also want to get the excellent organizational skills and also the drive to provide prime quality and correct knowledge in that field. A career during this field would force the applicant to gather info from all parties worried within the clinical trials on be ready to give a secure assessment and report the findings to regulative bodies and licensing agencies.

One of the industry’s mainly important sectors concentrates on medicine safety conjointly referred to as pharmacy co vigilance’. This breathing space of the business relates to assessing and preventing facet effects of a drug or medication. For more on to getting these jobs in life sciences you will easily apply at the website jobsinlifesciences.com/ online and there is no any fee are charged by you when you will applying for the jobs.

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This is the more interested to make your carrier in jobs in life sciences here you get more and more jobs related to this Life science jobs also you log on this website to read more about this jobsinlifesciences.com/